中國四大名著英文簡介（重賞)

東拼西湊，搜集了一堆資料，樓主自己整理一下吧，去其糟粕，取其精華。自己寫我是沒這個(gè)實(shí)力的了，畢竟還是很有些專業(yè)的東西在里面……

Chinese Literature - Novels and fiction

Hongloumeng 紅樓夢"The Dream of the Red Chamber"

Also called "The story of the Stone (Shitouji 石頭記)", this novel written by Cao Xueqin 曹雪芹 (d. 1763) is said to be the greatest masterpiece of Chinese fiction. A wide branched scholarship does not consent about the main theme of this novel, should it be a novel of sentiment, of Daoist-Buddhist enlightenment, of social observation, of the decay of an aristocratic familiy, or even a veiled attack on Manchu rule. The frame of the novel is the contest of a Buddhist and a Daoist priest who make be born a young noble boy called Jia Baoyu 賈寶玉 and his girl cousin Lin Daiyu 林黛玉. With a loving detail describing the life of the two cousins in a huge noble mansion, between gardens and palaces, the red thread is the triangular love between Baoyu, Daiyu and a second girl cousin called Xue Baochai 薛寶釵 that is of more plumper character than the ever sick Daiyu. Switching between their life, the divine world and dreams, Baoyu becomes deranged after the disappearance of a stone (the origin of the second title) he had in his mouth when he was born. Not knowing, his love Daiyu died, he is tricked to marrying Baochai. Becoming aware of being tricked, Baoyu leaves the world of the "red dust" and becomes a monk. With hundreds of persons and their stories, paralleling the life and feelings of servants to the life of the main persons, the story is very complex and full of symbolisms, but very interesting and convincing for its encyclopedic character, depicting the life of a noble familiy in the 18th century Qing China 清.

三國演義Romance of The Three Kingdoms

Romance of The Three Kingdoms is one of the great chinese classics and is compiled into a semi-fictional literary masterpiece during the Ming Dynasty by Luo Guanzhong. The novel comprises around 70+% fact and 20+% fiction. Some issues such as Guan Yu's weapon weighing around 40+ kilograms, the capabilties of Lu Bu, Liu Bei's horses as well as the existence of the Hill of the Fallen Phoenix and some others are probably fictional.

That period in history can be said as the golden age of chivalry and although it happened more than 1700 years ago, characters such as Liu Bei, Cao Cao, Guan Yu, Zhang Fei and Zhuge Liang have become household names among the chinese. Tales of their exploits, courage, adventures and many more are told in the novel "Romance of The Three Kingdoms".

It is one of the most turbulent periods in China's history taking place toward the end of the Han Dynasty where corruption is rampant in the imperial court due to eunuches holding power. Coupled with natural disasters such as floods, plague and locust swarms devouring the crops grown by the peasants, hunger and disatisfaction among the peasants soon escalated rapidly until a major rebellion known as the "Yellow Scarves Rebellion" led by Zhang Jiao broke out. (It was dubbed "Yellow Scarves" because the rebels tied a yellow scarf on their head). Initially just a small band of rebels, due to widespread hunger and ill-sentiment among the populace, swarms of common folks joined in the rebellion across many parts of the country.

三國演義人物介紹

劉備

Liu Bei (161–223 AD), styled Xuándé (玄徳), was a general, warlord, and later the founding emperor of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms era of China. Although having a later start than his rivals, also lacking both the material resources and social status they commanded, Liu Bei overcame his many defeats to carve out his own realm, that at its peak spanned modern day Sichuan, Guizhou, Hunan, part of Hubei, and part of Gansu.

Culturally, due to the tremendously popular novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms by Luo Guanzhong, Liu Bei is widely known as the ideal benevolent, humane ruler who cared for his people and picked good advisors. His character was to advocate the Confucian set of moral values, such as loyalty and compassion.

張飛

Zhang Fei (?-221 AD) was a military general of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms era of China.

Zhang Fei was shown to have been a masterful general rather than simply a warrior. He treated his superiors with respect, but had little respect for his underlings. He was often warned by Liu Bei that his habit of over-punishing his own soldiers by lashing and killing would eventually bring himself disaster.

Zhang Fei married Xiahou Yuan's daughter, who was captured by Zhang Fei's troops as she was out gathering firewood. They had a total of two daughters, and the older daughter became the empress of Shu Han after marrying Liu Shan, with Zhuge Liang as the matchmaker. After Zhang Fei's eldest daughter had passed away due to natural causes, Zhuge Liang once again played the role of matchmaker, and Liu Shan married Zhang Fei's younger daughter, who thus succeeded her older sister to become the empress of Shu Han.

Zhang Fei is best portrayed through his description and actions depicted in Records of Three Kingdoms biography by Chen Shou. Some claim that Zhang Fei was also an excellent painter.

Zhang Fei was killed by his own men Zhang Da and Fan Jiang, while preparing his troops to attack the rival Eastern Wu to avenge the death of Guan Yu. Zhang Da and Fan Jiang went on to defect to Wu.

水滸傳Outlaws of the Marsh

The novel "Outlaws of the Marsh" is somewhat like the Iliad and Odyssey... An ancient epic tale... no one remembers the period it was composed and immortalized.

One knows this story is based on real facts and has inspired many storytellers.

One knows the North Song Dynasty (XIIIth Century) lived its apogee and declined, a victim of corruption and decadence.

One finds historical traces of these outlaws who challenged the imperial authority and died under the executioner's blade.

At last, as anyone knows today that a man called Homer wrote the Iliad and Odyssey, no one doubts anymore that a man called Shi Nai-an wrote down during the XIVth century the novel Outlaws of the Marsh that reached us.

Everyone recognizes that Jin Sheng-tan, during the XVIIth century, published what is now famous as the original version of a novel that obtained the interest and infatuation of successive generations.

Water Margin or Outlaws of the Marsh ("All men are brothers" in Pearl Buck's translation, "Shui hu zhuan" in Chinese, "Au Bord de l'Eau" in French ) is an immortal novel because its tale is universal : it speaks of beings (outlaws but also notables, strong muscled heroes but also intellectual, anarchists but also philosophers...) who cannot bear injustice nor abuse nor arbitrariness...

That is the reason they are immortal and their popularity has lasted for centuries .

Discover the 108 heroes, the episodes , the paper-cuts representing them, the Beijing operas their fighting exploits inspired...

人物

Gai Ping Health gave special love make the world anyway, famous arena. Like charges to stick, chicken, and did not take wives, all hit others physique. Village Creek Village haunted legends, villagers digging a river in the town engraved art, ghost was rushed to the East seven. Classical hell, then alone will be engraved Creek Village in places away from the East side down. Thus so-called "Tota kings".

晁蓋平 生仗義疏財(cái)，專愛結(jié)交天下好漢，聞名江湖。喜歡刺槍使棒，身強(qiáng)力壯，不取妻室，終日打熬筋骨。傳說鄰村西溪村鬧鬼，村人鑿了一個(gè)青石寶塔鎮(zhèn)在溪邊，鬼就被趕到了東溪村。晁蓋大怒，就去西溪村獨(dú)自將青石寶塔奪了過來在東溪邊放下。因此人稱“托塔天王”。

西游記Pilgrimage to the West

Journey to the West is a mythological novel based on many centuries of popular tradition. It was probably put into its present form in the 15708 by Wu Cheng’en (1500-82).

This lively fantasy relates the amazing adventures of the priest San-zang as he travels west in search of Buddhist sutras with his three disciples, the irreverent and capable on-

key, greedy Pig, and Friar Sand. The opening chapters recount the earlier exploits of Monkey, culminating in his rebellion against Heaven. We then learn how Sanzang became a monk and was sent on his pilgrimage by the Tang emperor who had escaped death with the help of an Underworld official.

The main story, the journey, takes the priest through all kinds of entertaining trials and tribulations, mainly at the

hands of monsters and spirits who want to eat him. Only the courage and powers of his disciples, especially Monkey, save him from death. Monkey is the hero of the fantasy, and the reader will soon learn why he has long been so loved in China. Will the pilgrims reach the Vulture Peak and obtain the Scriptures? The answer will only be found at the end of the lOO-chapter novel.

The story is as full of imagination as Monkey is of magic, and packed with incident and down-to-earth humour. The illustrations are from 19th-century Chinese edition. This is the first of the three volumes of the novel.

談中國詩的論證方法

《談中國詩》是當(dāng)代著名學(xué)者、詩人、小說家、翻譯家錢鐘書先生，根據(jù)自己于1945年12月6日在上海對美國朋友做的一篇英語演講稿節(jié)譯而成，主要講了三個(gè)問題，一是“談中國詩”必須采取比較文學(xué)的立場，即在中外詩歌的比較中，得出“中國詩的一般印象”；二是中國詩的基本特征，從發(fā)展來看中國詩早熟而早衰，從篇幅來看中國詩短小精巧，從表現(xiàn)手法來看中國詩富有暗示性，從風(fēng)格來看中國詩輕靈而斯文；三是中國詩“只是詩”，“并沒有特別‘中國’的地方”，中外詩歌相通相容，研究中國詩可以對本國詩有更高的領(lǐng)會。總之， 本文針對特定聽眾關(guān)心的問題，站在“比較文學(xué)”的立場，既介紹中國詩歌與外國詩歌的“同中之異”，又闡發(fā)中外詩歌的“異中之同”，以增強(qiáng)聽眾對中國詩歌特點(diǎn)的了解，并促進(jìn)雙方相互尊重和寬容。

20世紀(jì)40年代的中國，還是處在文化上的盲目“自尊”，其體現(xiàn)就是許多人都以中國文化為“本位”文化，對外來的文化一概排斥。而許多的外國人也抱著一種所謂“優(yōu)勢文化”的心態(tài)，視西洋文化為“本位文化”，輕視中國文化。作者對這兩種把中西文化割裂開來的觀點(diǎn)，有著清醒的認(rèn)識，為此，他在學(xué)術(shù)研究中，致力于確定中國文學(xué)藝術(shù)在世界文學(xué)藝術(shù)宮殿中的適當(dāng)位置，促使中國文學(xué)藝術(shù)走向世界。他既深刻地闡發(fā)了中國文化精神的深厚意蘊(yùn)和獨(dú)特價(jià)值，也恰切地指出了其歷史局限性和地域局限性。他既批評中國人由于某些幻覺而對本土文化的妄自尊大，又毫不留情地橫掃了西方人由于無知而以歐美文化為中心的偏見，對于推進(jìn)中外文化的交流，對于使中國人了解西方的學(xué)術(shù)，使西方人了解中國的文化，起了很好的作用。本文就是作者從詩學(xué)研究的角度，促成中西文化交流的一篇力作。

學(xué)習(xí)本文，宜采用如下方法：

1．串通文義，理清層次。理解本文首先需要掌握文章結(jié)構(gòu)。此文結(jié)構(gòu)最大的特點(diǎn)在于開篇立論，明確論述的原則，然后逐層展開，分別論述，最后卒章顯志，點(diǎn)明演講的目的。閱讀時(shí)，要在理清層次的基礎(chǔ)上，把握作者的行文思路。

2．抓住特點(diǎn)，多維解讀。本文顯著的特點(diǎn)是，通篇比較，廣引博征，在嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)周密的論述中運(yùn)用了大量比喻，使文章多姿多彩，幽默睿智。閱讀時(shí)，要抓住文本特征，從對比手法，引語含意，比喻運(yùn)用等多角度進(jìn)行解讀，體會語言的深刻含意和幽默風(fēng)趣。

課文解讀

什么是中國詩的一般印象呢？[開篇一個(gè)設(shè)問句，提出本文探討的中心課題，即中國詩的一般特征。]發(fā)這個(gè)問題的人一定是位外國讀者，或者是位

英語作文關(guān)于三國演義解說100詞左右

《三國演義》英文簡介：

The Romance of the Three Kingdoms is one of the four famous classical works in China. It is the first long chapter historical novel in China.

Its full name is The Romance of the Three Kingdoms (also known as the Romance of the Three Kingdoms).

The author is Luo Guanzhong, a famous novelist in the late Yuan Dynasty and the early Ming Dynasty.

After the completion of the book, many editions such as Jiajing Renwu edition were handed down.

By the end of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty, Mao Zonggang rectified the review, revised the diction and changed the poems and prose of The Romance of the Three Kingdoms.

The Romance of the Three Kingdoms describes nearly a hundred years of history from the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty to the beginning of the Western Jin Dynasty.

It mainly describes the war. It tells the story of the struggle between the group of heroes in the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty and the political and military struggle between the Wei, Shu and Wu Kingdoms.

Sima Yan eventually unified the three Kingdoms and established the Jin Dynasty.

It reflects the transformation of various social struggles and contradictions in the Three Kingdoms era, summarizes the great changes in the history of this era, and shapes a group of heroes of the Three Kingdoms.

The book can be roughly divided into five parts:

the Yellow Towel Uprising, Dong Zhuo's Rebellion, the struggle for deer, the tripartite confrontation of the Three Kingdoms and the return of the Three Kingdoms to Jin.

On the vast historical stage, there were momentous scenes of war.

The author, Lt. Luo Guanzhong, combines the thirty-six tactics of war into the lines, which includes plots and tactics.

The Romance of the Three Kingdoms is the first chapter novel in the history of Chinese literature, the pioneering work of historical novel and the first literati novel.

漢語對照：

《三國演義》是中國古典四大名著之一，是中國第一部長篇章回體歷史演義小說，全名為《三國志通俗演義》（又稱《三國志演義》），作者是元末明初的著名小說家羅貫中。

《三國志通俗演義》成書后有嘉靖壬午本等多個(gè)版本傳于世，到了明末清初，毛宗崗對《三國演義》整頓回目、修正文辭、改換詩文。

《三國演義》描寫了從東漢末年到西晉初年之間近百年的歷史風(fēng)云，以描寫戰(zhàn)爭為主，訴說了東漢末年的群雄割據(jù)混戰(zhàn)和魏、蜀、吳三國之間的政治和軍事斗爭，最終司馬炎一統(tǒng)三國，建立晉朝的故事。

反映了三國時(shí)代各類社會斗爭與矛盾的轉(zhuǎn)化，并概括了這一時(shí)代的歷史巨變，塑造了一群叱咤風(fēng)云的三國英雄人物。

全書可大致分為黃巾起義、董卓之亂、群雄逐鹿、三國鼎立、三國歸晉五大部分。在廣闊的歷史舞臺上，上演了一幕幕氣勢磅礴的戰(zhàn)爭場面。作者羅貫中將兵法三十六計(jì)融于字里行間，既有情節(jié)，也有兵法韜略。

《三國演義》是中國文學(xué)史上第一部章回小說，是歷史演義小說的開山之作，也是第一部文人長篇小說。