英文翻譯~關(guān)于文學(xué)的

雖然愛倫?坡與蘇軾兩人對亡妻的悲悼之情都是極其沉痛而且不可扼制的，但在作品中我們捕捉到的只是源于語言深層的情感共鳴，而非語言表層之上，有的只是作品細致委婉的抒寫。華茲華斯指出：“我曾經(jīng)說過，詩是強烈情感的自然流露。它起源于在平靜中回憶起來的情感。詩人沉思這種情感直到一種反應(yīng)使平靜逐漸消逝，就有一種與詩人所沉思的情感逐漸發(fā)生，確實存在于詩人的心中?！痹谶@里，我們不僅可以讀出詩人所表現(xiàn)的情感經(jīng)驗的再體驗，而且伴隨著這種體驗有一種自覺的沉思，從而于內(nèi)心產(chǎn)生一種與過去情感同樣的有一定組織形式的情感體驗。二者皆以悲情為勝，句句沉痛，而音響凄厲，千古之下，令人為之潸然。

Although Ellen ? slope and two of Su Shi's Mourning Becomes Electra亡妻are extremely painful feelings and can not contain, but in his works is that we capture the emotion stems from the language of deep resonance, not the language on the surface, there are Euphemism is the Writing and meticulous work. Wordsworth said: "I have said, poetry is very natural to us a strong emotion. It originated in China and recalled them in a calm feelings. Poet thought such an emotional reaction until calm gradually fade away, there is a poet Meditation by the gradual emotional indeed exist in the hearts of poets. "Here, we will not only poets read out by the performance of the re-experience the emotional experience, and experience along with that there is a conscious thought, thus resulting in a heart species of the same feelings with the past organizations have some form of emotional experience. Sadness for the two always wins sentence deep, and shrill sound, through the ages, the likelihood is it Shan.

文藝作品的風(fēng)格指的是一個時代、一個民族、一個流派或一個人的文藝作品所表現(xiàn)的主要思想特點和藝術(shù)特點?！辈煌臅r代有不同的風(fēng)格，不同民族的文學(xué)作品其風(fēng)格也會有諸多差異。愛倫?坡的詩歌風(fēng)格浪漫，追求尋找一種古典的、憂郁的、遙遠的美。他崇尚的古典美在《安娜貝爾?李》中得到了充分的應(yīng)證，其詩中“kingkom by the sea”等背景材料明顯帶有濃郁的中世紀歐洲情調(diào)。愛倫?坡認為，是轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝使我憂郁，而憂郁在一切音調(diào)中最富有詩意。這種憂郁的情調(diào)和他的許多詩歌的意境是一脈相承的（如《致海倫》）。愛倫?坡在該詩中使用象征創(chuàng)造了意境的“憂郁”：“風(fēng)”（wind）象征疾病，預(yù)示少女以后不詳?shù)拿\；“天使們”（jealous angles）象征超自然的力量；“高貴的親屬”（high-born kinsman）象征人間的強大勢力；海洋和陸岸象征生命和死亡、今生和來世、生者和死者的交匯和融合。《安娜貝爾?李》對凄美的詠嘆和憂郁的吟唱為晚輩詩人所驚嘆和贊美。我們閱讀他的詩歌，處處都是感傷，有對飛花流云的沉思，也有對我們生與死的思索。愛倫?坡的創(chuàng)作風(fēng)格使《安娜貝爾?李》達到了空曠、高遠和神秘的境界。而在北宋這個具體的文化環(huán)境中，蘇軾是一個富于浪漫氣質(zhì)和自由個性的人物，他在創(chuàng)作中所表現(xiàn)出來的灑脫無羈與無可奈何、隨緣自適與詩失意彷徨，深刻的反映了他的內(nèi)心苦悶。蘇軾推崇自然平淡的詩歌語言，他對陶淵明抱有一種近似崇拜的心理，認為陶淵明的成就在其他所有詩人之上，這多少包含著他那追求平衡、淡遠的精神狀態(tài)。他的詞同他的詩文一樣，往往以意為主，追求道家的“貴真”審美觀，任情流瀉，故其風(fēng)格也隨著內(nèi)容特點、情感基調(diào)的變化而變化。蘇軾寫傷感的詞，委婉而細密?！督亲印酚纳钋褰^，每個意象都突現(xiàn)幽寒的氣氛，全詞籠罩了一層濃厚的孤獨與感傷，寫出了蘇軾對去世十年的妻子的既真摯濃烈，又曲折多變的思念之情。在《江城子》中，蘇軾以虛寫實，虛中見實，創(chuàng)造出不同于愛倫?坡的境界：既有超常的感情境界（生者與死者的感情交流），又有超前的思想境界（對女子的尊重）。

Refers to the style of literary and artistic works of an era, a nation, a school or a person's literary works have shown the characteristics of the main ideas and artistic characteristics. "Different times have different styles, different ethnic literature will have a lot of their differences in style. Ellen ? slope romantic style of poetry, the pursuit of looking for a classic, melancholy, the distant United States. He advocates the United States and the classical In "Annabel Lee ?" be sufficient to permit, the poem "kingkom by the sea" with an obvious background material, such as a strong atmosphere of medieval Europe. Ellen ? slope that is a very brief period I depression, and the melancholy tone in all the most poetic. this melancholy mood and many of his poems is the same strain of the mood (such as "To Helen"). Ellen ? slope in the use of a symbol of the poem created a mood of "melancholy" : "wind" (wind) a symbol of the disease, indicating the fate of young girls after the unknown; "Angels" (jealous angles) a symbol of supernatural power; "noble relatives" (high-born kinsman) a powerful symbol of human power; marine and land An symbol of life and death, this life and the afterlife, the living and the deceased's convergence and integration. "? Annabel Lee" on the melancholy beauty of the chant and sing for the younger generation of poets and praise the amazing. we read his poetry, there are sentimental, and the contemplation of the convective clouds fly, but also to our thinking about life and death. Ellen ? slope of the writing style of "? Annabel Lee" has reached the open, lofty and mysterious realm. and in the Northern Song Dynasty of the specific cultural environment, Su Shi is a very romantic personality temperament and free people, he manifested creation kept without the free and easy and do nothing, adaptive隨緣frustrated and helpless poetry, reflects his profound depression of the heart. Su Shi praised the poetry of natural plain language, he had a similar worship of Tao Yuan-ming's psychological, that the Tao Yuan-ming's achievements above all other poets, which includes a number of his pursuit of balance, mental state淡遠. his words with him Like the poems, often based in Italy, the pursuit of Taoist "your truth" aesthetic,任情pouring, so the characteristics of style with the content, emotional tone changes. Su Shi wrote sad words, euphemism and fine. "江城子" deep clearance must, for each image are cold conflict the atmosphere is quiet, all the words over a layer of deep loneliness and pathos, Su Shi wrote on the death of the wife of a decade of strong both sincere and twists and turns thinking of changing the situation. In "江城子" in Su Shi's realism to virtual, virtual in the See is to create a slope different from Ellen ? realm: the feelings of both extraordinary realm (of Health and the feelings of the deceased ), and ahead of the ideological level (respect for women).

作家的英文怎么說

“作家”的英文是：writer

音標(biāo)是：['ra?t?]

相關(guān)短語：

freelance writer?自由撰稿人

ghost writer?n. 為人代寫的作者

staff writer?特約撰稿人，本報記者

script writer?n. 編劇；電影劇本作者

相關(guān)句子：

1、He?devilled?an?article?for the?writer.?

他替作家代寫了一篇文章。

2、They?acclaimed?him?as?the?best?writer?of the?year.

他們稱贊他為當(dāng)年的最佳作者。

3、They?have raised?a monument?in?memory of?the?great?writer.

他們修建了一座紀念碑來紀念這位偉大的作家。

4、He?knows?his?limitations?as?a?writer.

他知道自己作為一個作家的局限性。

麻煩各位給出文藝復(fù)興時期兩部文學(xué)作品的英文名

文藝復(fù)興時期代表作：

但丁 的 神曲

Dante 但丁

The Divine Comedy 神曲

薄迦丘的十日談

The Decameron 十日談

Giovanni Boccaccio 薄迦丘

達芬奇的最后的晚餐

The Last Supper最后的晚餐

Leonardo da Vinci 達芬奇

啟蒙運動時期代表作：

霍布斯的利維坦

Leviathan利維坦

Thomas Hobbes托馬斯?霍布斯

盧梭的懺悔錄、愛彌爾、會契約論

The （theory） of social contract社會契約論

The Confessions 懺悔錄

Emile 愛彌爾

Jean-Jacques Rousseau 盧梭

14－17科學(xué)家代表作：

牛頓的自然哲學(xué)的數(shù)學(xué)原理

Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy自然哲學(xué)的數(shù)學(xué)原理

Newton牛頓

笛卡爾的幾何學(xué)

geometry幾何學(xué)

Cartesian笛卡爾

英語文學(xué)中l(wèi)iterary technique是writing technique嗎?它們是同一個東西嗎?

literary technique是文學(xué)技巧，writing technique是寫作技巧。它們之間沒有太多的差別，基本一致。

寫作技巧就是表現(xiàn)時運用的方法，是作者為表情達意而采取有效藝術(shù)手段。寫作技巧受限于作者的世界觀、藝術(shù)觀，同時又作用于他的寫作實踐，為寫作活動服務(wù)。

從心靈層面講，文學(xué)技巧是作者在創(chuàng)作中表現(xiàn)內(nèi)心的方式方法。其基本方式就是想象。無想象即無文學(xué)。

文學(xué)是心靈的東西，想象是文學(xué)技巧之母。所以首先是要有想象，再次是要考慮如何提高寫作的技巧：

一、.抓住自己得心應(yīng)手的文體。

二、寫出內(nèi)心真實的我和自造的境界，而放棄說教。

三、觀察、構(gòu)思與捕捉靈感

四、積少成多，打持久戰(zhàn)

五、好事多磨，妙文多改。

如果你不修改，那么過一段時間后你再回去看你自己的作品，你將會發(fā)現(xiàn)以前寫的都很爛。